list of borana abba gada

Among the Boran, however, similar (age wise) male generations will undergo a variety of rites of passage together as they approach each new phase every eight years. One of the most important activities during the ceremony is hair shaving and giving him the new appropriate name, mostly one of the names of their ancestors. Gadaa Grades - Addis Herald The Abbaa Boku and his two colleagues are chosen from the oldest or most distinguished families, which are known as `families of Hayu. The principal function of the Abbaa Boku is to preside over the parliament to proclaim the laws, and to act when necessary as a ritual expert in the Gadaa-ceremonies. That is a son gets introduced to a specific Gadaa grade, which correlates to the Gadaa class of his father, and subsequently changes his grade every eight years as a member of his cohort. endobj To be nominated as a candidate as well as to be possibly elected the Borana consider the following criteria: personal qualities (skills such as courage, patience, open-mindedness, reconciliatory and orator); competence of the candidate among his peers and his knowledge (commitment for) of cultural values; antecedents such as betrayal, fraudulent, untruthfulness and others prohibits him from competing; historical achievements of his forefathers (the more his forefathers had accomplished positive deeds to the Boran and to the Gada System; the more the candidate owes high probability to be elected); the candidate has to have a positive image before his own clan and other clans; and recommendation from religious (Qallu) institution. Accordingly, the rite of ceremony changes the social status of the child from being considered as girls to boys; it represents the birth of sons. They are in the last stage to the Gadaa stage and are in one part of stages of Borana system. Gk#3Sg 1 However, before traveling to different houses, they had to notify in advance the mothers of age-mates so that they will arrange the trip and feast for them. what is ward 4 altnagelvin hospital. @ gad&Cv7pc[D.~"= vadR,sH!~(lS=5nTy %MtaZ,q'I32#N+ ~t6>Es){6?9d(HDx&Axdy[?T ` L(M? |+x#nADbiCg_ SC^Y|s+WR?bry06NRIQ#kE>MOwVMIVui0CjWP!]z+*UrP% 6iy^?haM?S*p]vo+SRX'u?0TRp4r";o_YJ9PXEL' H+wdXp+AuH>NrKIz8}OcN;vcXpg e$ The Oromo Society is organized into two distinct but cross-cutting systems of peer group structures. In his comparative analysis of East African age-sets system. These elements pop up due to the fact that recruitment to an age-set requires, in systems like Gadaa, generational relationship and in connection with that issues like the time when a son may be initiated to the system and the interval between the father and son are inevitable. Second, generational relationship and generation-set are mutually interdependent, due to likened lives and interlocking trajectories across the generations. Despite kinship relationships are being such an important factor in Oromo society, those who are elected to office are expected to serve without regard to kinship ties. 4X8). (LogOut/ Between the third and fourth Gadaa grades, boys become adolescent and initiated into taking serious social responsibilities. The grade passes from one stage of development to the next every eight years. . Each one of the Gadaa class has diversity and unity. 0 Old and wise as his years, he trudges along, stick in hand. namely the Gada class or the Warra Bora. Considering the symbolic significance of Gadaa for the Oromo, as well as its structural innovations, researchers in law, indigenous studies, and pan-Africanism are exploring how the system could be utilized in the 21st century. How Perfect Is Ethiopian Calander? 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In the border regions of Ethiopia-Kenya and southwestern Somalia, one estimate places about 1,094,000 people as Boranas. As to the question, how many Gadaa grades are there and how long do they exactly take, it has been differently approached by several interpreters of the Gadaa System. Therefore, the Abba Gada in the Oromo Gada system is rightfully considered as the prime minister rather than a president who can make decisions alone. Hence, among the Borana, late-born sons of a man should be introduced to the same Gadaa grade as his brothers despite the difference in their age. The second has little to do with age. The average Daniel O'Neil is around 53 years of age with around 57% falling in to the age . It is a simpler institution, called age-sets (hariyya) that was then introduced to serve as a subsidiary institution that supplements the social, maturational and military functions. The Borana have bee ruled by 43 abba gada since then, which may be 540 years ago (1449), and this is also confirmed by Borbor Bule (Golloo Huqqa, 1996). Today we seem to have forgotten these important rules, and cattle invade and damage forests every dry season. Since Jaldessa Liban (the thende facto Abba Gadaa) kept the outgoing class waiting for three months the Borna consider this a most reprehensible failure of Gadaa leadership. Borana Zone administrator's view on the arrest of Abba Gada Oratory, the art of public speaking, is highly valued in Oromo society; the forms of delivery, the wit of the speaker, his tone of voice, his posture, eye contact and ability to command the attention of the audience are skills to be honed and admired. Since the principle of five intervals stated hereinabove, in most cases, are not observed among the Boran people, children continue to be born (before the father reaches fifth Gadaa grade or after the father passed this stage). Boranas living in Kenya and Ethiopia speak a dialect of Oromo and those living in central Somalia share a dialect with Dirr communities of Somalia, a language that is closely related to both Borana Language and Somali Language. Accordingly, these customary leaders become the custodians of Borana pastoralists' nat ural resources through The ruling group has the responsibility to assign senior leaders and experts to instruct and counsel these young men in the importance of leadership, organization, and warfare. Defining the term generation is not an easy task especially in a relation to its socio-political relevance for peoples responsibilities and rights characterization. Credits: StoryResearch field work was undertaken in Samburu and Marsabit (for Gabbra, Samburu, Rendille, Saakuye, Dasanach, Elmolo, Waayu a.k.a Waata, and Burji superheroes/heroines), Embu and Tharaka (for Aembu, Tharaka, Ameru and Mbeere superheroes/heroines), Mombasa ( for Boni, Swahili, Pokomo, Segeju and Bajuni superheroes/heroines)and Taita-Taveta/Voi (for Taveta superheroes/heroines) capturing all information about the heroes from the 30 selected ethnic groups/communities by Museums research team.National Museums of Kenya - ContributorsMzalendo Kibunjia (PhD) - Director GeneralPurity Kiura (PhD) - Director Antiquities, Sites & MonumentsJulias Juma Ogega - Senior Curator/Research ScientistNjuguna Gichere - Research ScientistLydia Gatundu - Art CuratorEmmanuel Kariuki - Exhibit DesignerPhilemon Nyamanga - Curator/Research ScientistMercy Gakii - Curator/Research ScientistImelda Muoti - Curator/ArchivistInnocent Nyaga - Marketing OfficerSuzanne Wanjaria - Exhibits DesignerRay Balongo Khaemba - Senior Collection ManagerRaphael Igombo - Education OfficerNature Kenya - Other ContributorsThe East Africa Natural History Society (EANHS)EditingDaisy Okoti - Shujaa Stories LtdShani Mutarura - Shujaa Stories LtdJeff Muchina- Shujaa Stories LtdBrian Kiraga - Shujaa Stories LtdIllustrationsMasidza Sande Galavu - Shujaa Stories LtdMartha Shavuya Galavu - Shujaa Stories LtdPhotographyEddy Ochieng - National Museums of KenyaLinda Tambo - Shujaa Stories LtdJuelz Laval - Shujaa Stories Ltd, Abba Gadas: The Ancient Borana Leadership System. Participatory impact assessment of ticks on Borana cattle milk production was conducted from January 2010 to July 2010. Moreover, while the former serve for eight years, the later serves only for a limited period of time. A number of scholars have studied Gadaa. So far different scholars have used different terms to express the generational relationship social stratification among the Boran. Dabballe is the initial Gadaa grade roughly ranging from birth to eight years. It is a brick that most indigenous peoples of East Africa use to organize and structure their society (based on age relatedness). [14] It is the system with which the Oromo people have been governing themselves in a democratic way for centuries. Gadaa laws were passed by the Chaffee (assembly) and implemented by officials. In this line, one may regard that age-sets are something common among different ethnic groups of the region to the extent that there is no distinction among them. what is joel riley doing now However, for the purpose of this study, it refers to the intergenerational relationship but quite different from its common understandings. Each active Gadaa classbeyond the first three gradeshas its own internal leadership (Adula) and its own assembly (yaaaa), but the leaders of the class become the leaders of the nation when their class comes to power in the middle of the life cyclea stage of life called Gadaa among the Boran or Luba among the central Oromo. The system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community. Ibrahim A. Elemo (M.D., MPH)* Book The role of traditional institutions among Borana Oromo, [] communities. This is the Adula council; they have come to debate as to who should manage the wells. Hence the coming to power of each Gadaa class once within forty years (i.e. Following this ceremony the election (lallaba) process takes place. From the cradle of mankind to the superheroes of today. Those in Kenya and Ethiopia speak Borana language that is closely related to Oromo, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the large Afro-Asiatic language family. [2] [3] [4] Regarding their authority in all the matters regarding the Borana society, all the three Abba Gadas and the other three Adula Hayyus (senior councilor) have the same and equal authority, muraan wal-qixxe.
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