coa statement and sketch example

These tasks must be accomplished to achieve the subordinate units purpose. The line between enemy combatants and civilian noncombatants is sometimes unclear. The COA sketch is a drawing or series of drawings to assist the leader in describing how the operation will unfold. This should include at least the employment of reserves, CBRN weapons, artillery or mortar locations and ranges, and reconnaissance assets. He also determines the sustainment aspects of the COA. He compares their COA with the enemy's most probable COA. It also gives subordinates the maximum latitude for initiative. Leaders at every echelon must understand the mission, intent, and operational concept one and two levels higher. Assess capabilities in terms of those required to save, sustain, or enhance life, in that order. A-43. In order to keep communication at a standstill, phone lines are cut connecting the outside to the camp before the attack. Leaders constantly receive information, from the time they begin planning through execution. Reinforcing obstacles, protective (reinforcing) obstacles offer close-in protection and are important to survivability. Limited planning time forces leaders to prioritize their terrain analyses. The first three steps of COA development provide the bulk of the COA statement. If the information is available, he determines the echelon force where the enemy originated. Pajota's Guerillas' mission is to block off a mile of road through the use of road blocks on both sides of the highway bridge cross over Cabu Creek of an estimated 300 yards northeast from compound. What locations afford cover and concealment as well as good observation and fields of fire? Step 4: Develop the Sketch and Statement As with friendly COAs, enemy COAs are best framed using statements and sketches. Current activities, capabilities, and limitations are some of the information necessary to build situational understanding. Array initial forces. e. Mission. Coordinating instructions to enhance execution and unity of effort, and to ease confusion between subordinate elements. A-25. Template events and analyze them for their political, economic, psychological, environmental, and legal implications. This is key terrain which seizure, retention, or control is necessary for mission accomplishment. They identify the tasks and purposes, and how their immediate higher up are contributing to the fight. An avenue of approach is an air or ground route of an attacking force leading to an objective or key terrain. A sketch typically includes symbols of friendly and enemy units, assembly. Defensive considerations in analyzing observation and fields of fire. PREPARE COURSE-OF-ACTION STATEMENT AND SKETCH STEP 1 Development begins with the staff analyzing relative-force ratios. How do I detect and, if desired, bypass the obstacles? The CCIRs identify and filter information needed by leaders to support their vision and to make critical decisions, especially to determine or validate COA. To anticipate events within the area of operations. Defensive considerations the leader can include in his evaluation of avenues of approach: Key Terrain Operations/actions consist of numerous activities, events, and tasks. Partial cloud cover can cause glare, a condition attacking aircraft might use to conceal their approach to the target. What are all likely enemy avenues into my area of operations? The Coa Statement And Sketch Term Paper - 1240 Words (a) The decisive point method employs the following steps: Determine the decisive point and the results to be achieved there. Identifying a tentative decisive point and verifying it during COA development is the most important aspect of the TLP. A-41. A-56. Is this terrain also important to the enemy? A-108. Table A-1 shows recommended situation template items. Ethnic dynamics include religion, cultural mores, gender roles, customs, superstitions, and values certain ethnic groups hold dear which differ from other groups. Determine Time Phase Lines (TPLs) and Mobility Corridors 3. Identifies the enemy's strength by unit. Course of Move statement. He makes the final selection of a COA based on his own judgment, the start time of the operation, the area of operation, the scheme of maneuver, and subordinate unit tasks and purposes. AGADAP Example Walk-through Part 2: COA Sketch - YouTube This tentative decisive point forms the basis of his planning and COA development; it also forms the basis of communicating the COA to his subordinates. Understanding these patterns helps leaders plan and execute information collection, combat operations, and logistical resupply. ), Table A-1. It was a familiar mission; a flight of two UH-60Ls were to fly a five-and-a-half-hour ring route under night vision goggles. Routine, cyclical, planned, or spontaneous activities which significantly affect organizations, people, and military operations, including seasons, festivals, holidays, funerals, political rallies, and agricultural crop/livestock and market cycles and paydays. I kept an eye on the dust cloud and the instrument panel at the same time, which wasn't a good idea because I soon became disoriented. He conducts mission analysis to help him start developing his vision, and to confirm what he must do to accomplish his mission. Even if time is tight, the leader should allocate as much time as possible to factor, starting at the objective area, and analyzing other aspects of key terrain. Consider all nonmilitary groups or institutions in the area of operation. When (this is the time given in the company OPORD). However, if it offers cover and concealment, observation, and good fields of fire on multiple avenues of approach, or on the only avenue of approach, then it offers a definite advantage to whoever controls it. For example, in the conduct of attacks, leaders might prioritize the areas immediately around their objective for analysis, followed by the platoons specific axis leading to the objective. They need not analyze METT-TC in a particular order. If commanders reject all COAs, the . area of operation as well as the doctrinal requirements for each specified task might reveal the implied tasks. A-107. Cover and Concealment Using the product from generating options, the leader then determines what combinations of Soldiers, weapons, and other systems are needed to accomplish each task. The goal of this step, generating options, is to determine one or more of those ways quickly. They decide where their forces can deploy into attack formations that facilitate the initial contact and still provide freedom of action for the bulk of their forces. Terrain is important for friendly observation, both for commanding and controlling and for calling for fire? This preview shows page 13 - 24 out of 34 pages. Higher headquarters (two levels up) mission, intent, and concept. Essential Task. A-118. For each COA, the leader thinks through the operation from start to finish. Leaders look at the terrain, foliage, structures, and other features along avenues of approach (and on objectives or key terrain) to identify sites offering cover (protection from the effects of direct and indirect fire) and concealment (protection from observation). A valid decisive point enables the leader to clearly and logically link how the application of combat power elements with respect to terrain, enemy, and time allows the unit to accomplish its purpose. In analyzing the enemy, the leader must understand the ", A-33. Analysis of troops follows the same logic as analyzing the enemy by identifying capabilities, vulnerabilities and strengths. However, the weather forecaster at our station did not agree with that assessment. The sequence can vary. How will temperature and humidity affect the unit's rate of march? A-35. Analyze how vital civilian areas affect the missions of respective forces and how military operations affect these areas. Leaders also answer these questions: A-84. During the war game, the leader visualizes a set of enemy and friendly actions and reactions. Leaders analyze the enemy's dispositions, compositions, strengths, doctrine, equipment, capabilities, vulnerabilities, and probable COA. How do I get him to go there? The analysis is a comparison of how a structures location, functions, and capabilities as compared to costs and consequences of such use. The leader should clearly explain what the decisive point is to his subordinate leaders and why it is decisive; this objective, in conjunction with his commander's intent, facilitates subordinate initiative. He allocates resources required for the decisive operation's success first and determines the resources needed for shaping operations in descending order of importance. What is the location of current and probable enemy positions? Leaders capture their understanding of what their units are to accomplish in their revised mission statements. Leaders must know more than just the number and types of vehicles, Soldiers, and weapons the enemy has. Cloud cover affects ground operations by limiting illumination and solar heating of targets. Little effort is needed to enhance mobility, but units might have to zigzag or make frequent detours. Commanders and staff officers who make link-diagrams of leadership including religious, political, and criminal personnel allow focused planning and decentralized execution which bolsters legitimacy within the population. Some temperature considerations include: A-65. Complete. What avenues would support a friendly counterattack or repositioning of forces? PDF From Visual to Logical Representation A GIS-Based Sketching Tool for The decisive point does not simply restate the unit's essential task or purpose; it defines how, where, or when the unit will accomplish its purpose. Back on the ground with both flights shut down, we secured the aircraft and headed back to the TOC to check with Air Force weather regarding improved visibility later in the evening. PDF Chapter 3 MILITARY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS (MDMP) COA analysis allows the leader to synchronize his assets, identify potential hazards, and develop a better understanding of the upcoming operation. A-88. Questions COA Statement and Sketch - BestAcademicExperts.com How will each avenue of approach affect the rate of movement of each type force? He applies the results to the friendly and enemy COA he develops. These campaigns include infrastructure rebuild projects, creation of labor opportunities, and education. To develop a COA, he focuses on the actions the unit must take at the decisive point and works backward to his start point. Many times, the spiritual leader is not necessarily the decision maker for a community, but the spiritual leader must approve the decision maker's actions. As suggested by Davis in [3], interacting with a software program should feel natural, informal, The leader must realistically and unemotionally determine all available resources and new limitations based on level of training or recent fighting. A prominent hilltop overlooking an avenue of approach might or might not be key terrain. A-73. This includes those personnel outside the area of operation whose actions, opinions, or political influence can affect the mission. He must know, how much indirect fire, by type, is available and when it will become available. He must not take these as facts. The decisive operation's purpose is nested to his unit's overall purpose and is achieved at his decisive point. Cover and concealment can be either part of the environment or something brought in by the unit to create the desired effect : A-57. A-104. The length of crossover time depends on air temperature, soil and vegetation types, amount of cloud cover, and other factors. It also should give subordinates the maximum latitude for initiative. Defining other influential organizations or groups of influence allows for information collection. Disposition For example, an armor heavy task force organized with three armor and one STEP 5 Complete the course of action by preparing a statement and sketch. I headed to the hangar to check on my assigned aircraft for the day and then to the tactical command post (TOC) to check the mission profile. What would you have done in our situation? The mission brief went as usual. Perhaps the most critical aspect of mission analysis is determining the combat potential of ones own force. A-28. What are the capabilities of his weapons? Most importantly, as events occur, he must adjust the time available to him and assess its impact on what he wants to accomplish. Leaders conclude their mission analyses by restating their missions. A-50. NAI LOCATION EN COA INDICATOR NET/ NLT PRIORITY PRIMARY/ ALTERNATE CONFIRMATION REMARKS EVENT MATRIX (S2) ISR MATRIX (S3) 1. The upwind force usually has better visibility. The initial commander's intent describes the purpose of the operation, initial key tasks, and the desired end state. Existing obstacles, natural include rivers; forests; mountains; ravines; gaps and ditches more than three meters wide; tree stumps and large rocks more than 18 inches high; forests with trees eight inches or more in diameter, with less than four meters between trees. Although the battle captain knew the environmental conditions, he told us we had legal weather and expected us to accomplish the mission. Leaders prepare a graphic depiction of terrain to help explain their findings about the effects of terrain and weather on the mission. Documents Required for Senior Personnel - Funding at NSF | NSF The next day, we were then able to make it back to our home base, but not without encountering a slight amount of bad weather along the way. A-53. It allows the platoon and squads to move with little hindrance. New facts and new or updated . A-80. Military Decision Making Process (Mar 08) 2 4 Q A-40. Understanding of time and space relationships of events, leading to thorough contingency plans. -Form of maneuver or type of defensive operation. They take five steps to fully analyze their assigned mission as directed from higher . War gaming, depending on how much time is devoted to planning, provides. During mission analysis, the platoon leader . A-62. Another example of essential terrain for a platoon and squad in the attack is high ground overlooking the enemy's reverse-slope defense. Leaders must understand each groups perceptions about the United States, the Army, and specific units operating within that area. The decisive point might be the event or action (with respect to terrain, enemy, or time, and generation of combat power) will ultimately and irreversibly lead to the unit achieving its purpose. The COA statement details how the unit's operation supports the next higher leader's operation, the decisive point and why it is decisive, the form of maneuver or type of defensive mission, and operational framework. See PAPPG Chapter II.D.2.h (i) for complete coverage on the content and formatting requirements for the biographical sketch. An analysis of the ability to generate combat power will help the leader confirm or deny his tentative decisive point. How will precipitation (or lack of it) affect the mobility of the unit or of enemy forces? A-94. COA Development Flashcards | Quizlet Will temperatures and humidity favor the use of nonpersistent chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear? To do this, they answer the five Ws . How will this affect friendly and enemy target acquisition? The leader also determines the capabilities of the next higher enemy element. What axes afford both clear fields of fire and cover and concealment? For example, a breach requires an assault element, support element, breach element, security element, and possibly a reserve. The leader must avoid unnecessary complicated mission command structures and maintain unit integrity where feasible. OAKOC. Course of Action Statement and Sketch Flashcards | Quizlet | GTA 07-10-003 How obvious are these positions to the enemy? This information can be maintained in a checkbook-style matrix for use during COA development (specifically array forces). Existing obstacles, man-made include towns; canals; railroad embankments; buildings; power lines; telephone lines. You may begin work on the COA S&S after you have . He considers light data and identifies critical conclusions about He need not wait for a complete OPORD before starting to develop his own tentative plan. Leaders identify existing (inherent to terrain and either natural or man-made) and reinforcing (tactical or protective) obstacles limiting mobility in his area of operation. A-29. Seize, destroy, and neutralize are examples of tasks associated with an offensive operation. These two products are the basis for paragraph 3 of the OPORD. COA Sketch and Narrative A graphic and text description of the COA Should include: Scheme of Maneuver in chronological order A Main Effort action with task and purpose Supporting Effort actions with task and purpose Can use Close, Deep and Rear operations Phasing/ staging/ timing Developing a synchronization matrix here for each COA will be helpful during wargaming Write your commanders intent to address key tasks or conditions that must be met to achieve the stated purpose and end state. A-87. He reviews his commander's conclusions and identifies his own. In all cases, the enemy's recent activities must be understood, because they can provide insight into his future activities and intentions. Why (the units purpose, taken from the companies concept of the operation).
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